![Merrill SWAIN | Professor emerita | Ph.d | University of Toronto, Toronto | U of T | Department of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning | Research profile Merrill SWAIN | Professor emerita | Ph.d | University of Toronto, Toronto | U of T | Department of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning | Research profile](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/272719719694357-1442032856353_Q512/Merrill-Swain.jpg)
Merrill SWAIN | Professor emerita | Ph.d | University of Toronto, Toronto | U of T | Department of Curriculum, Teaching and Learning | Research profile
![The Routledge Handbook of Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Development (Routledge Handbooks in Applied Linguistics) (Hardcover) | Books and Crannies The Routledge Handbook of Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Development (Routledge Handbooks in Applied Linguistics) (Hardcover) | Books and Crannies](https://images.booksense.com/images/555/651/9781138651555.jpg)
The Routledge Handbook of Sociocultural Theory and Second Language Development (Routledge Handbooks in Applied Linguistics) (Hardcover) | Books and Crannies
![A Critique of Merrill Swain's Output Hypothesis in Language Learning and Teaching | Semantic Scholar A Critique of Merrill Swain's Output Hypothesis in Language Learning and Teaching | Semantic Scholar](https://d3i71xaburhd42.cloudfront.net/683cbd2d034cc3e21f3d7896e7b7922a1bc8ea80/5-Figure1-1.png)
A Critique of Merrill Swain's Output Hypothesis in Language Learning and Teaching | Semantic Scholar
![Amazon.com: Sociocultural Theory in Second Language Education: An Introduction through Narratives (MM Textbooks, 11): 9781783093168: Swain, Prof. Merrill, Kinnear, Dr. Penny, Steinman, Linda: Books Amazon.com: Sociocultural Theory in Second Language Education: An Introduction through Narratives (MM Textbooks, 11): 9781783093168: Swain, Prof. Merrill, Kinnear, Dr. Penny, Steinman, Linda: Books](https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/81YyPVeVpRL._AC_UF1000,1000_QL80_.jpg)
Amazon.com: Sociocultural Theory in Second Language Education: An Introduction through Narratives (MM Textbooks, 11): 9781783093168: Swain, Prof. Merrill, Kinnear, Dr. Penny, Steinman, Linda: Books
![CERLL OISE on Twitter: "Dr. Merrill Swain, @CERLLOISE's Professor Emerita, generously shared her knowledge with all at #ACLA2017 https://t.co/N9azxrRUk0" / Twitter CERLL OISE on Twitter: "Dr. Merrill Swain, @CERLLOISE's Professor Emerita, generously shared her knowledge with all at #ACLA2017 https://t.co/N9azxrRUk0" / Twitter](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DBHzJVQUwAAabJg.jpg)
CERLL OISE on Twitter: "Dr. Merrill Swain, @CERLLOISE's Professor Emerita, generously shared her knowledge with all at #ACLA2017 https://t.co/N9azxrRUk0" / Twitter
![Canadian Immersion and Adult Second Language Teaching: What's the Connection? - SWAIN - 1989 - The Modern Language Journal - Wiley Online Library Canadian Immersion and Adult Second Language Teaching: What's the Connection? - SWAIN - 1989 - The Modern Language Journal - Wiley Online Library](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/14222d28-d454-432c-a1fb-81f8d67c5d4e/j.1540-4781.1989.tb02537.x.fp.png)